学习文言文说难也不难,只要教法有方,方法得当,定能事半功倍。在文言文教学过程中,教师应注重学生个体发展的特点,制定适宜的教学方法引导学生对文言文学习产生兴趣。
摘 要:阅读文言文的能力是现代人文化教养中的一项重要内容。目前,我国文言文阅读教学已经从建国后的以中学为主,逐渐扩展到小学。现阶段,不少小学除了传统的经典古诗文学习之外,愈发重视起文言文进阶学习,小学生从高段(五六年级)起就开始接触并学习短篇文言文,为中学的文言文学习做好积累,夯实基础。但是,对于小学生来说,文言文学习难度大,较易产生畏难情绪,教师需要根据小学生的认知和理解能力来制定适宜的教学策略和方法,最重要的,是如何激发小学生学习文言文的热情与兴趣。本文首先阐述小学生学习文言文的必要性、特点和现状,再结合小学高段文言文课堂教学实际案例,探讨课堂激趣策略与学习文言文的方法的融合,力图寻找出有效的小学高段文言文教学激趣策略,以供广大校内外文言文阅读教学工作者共同探讨和研究。
The ability to read classical Chinese is an important part of modern cultural education. At present, the teaching of Chinese classical Chinese reading has gradually changed from primary school to secondary school after the founding of the People's Republic of China. At the present stage, in addition to the traditional classical poetry and literary studies, many primary schools pay more attention to the advanced learning of classical Chinese. Students begin to accumulate a large number of short-form classical Chinese writings from the high school (five or six years), which lays a solid foundation for the study of classical Chinese in middle schools. . Due to the difficulty of learning classical Chinese, primary school students are more likely to develop a fear of difficulty. Teachers need to develop appropriate teaching strategies and methods based on the cognitive and comprehension of pupils. The most important thing is to stimulate pupils' enthusiasm and interest in learning classical Chinese. This article first elaborates the necessity, characteristics and status quo of primary school students' learning classical Chinese writing. Combined with the practical examples of classroom teaching of classical Chinese high school class, this paper explores the fusion of classroom stimulation strategy and the method of learning classical Chinese, and seeks to find effective teaching strategies for high-level classical Chinese. The strategy is to be discussed and studied jointly by the teaching staff of classical Chinese and foreign language reading.
关键词:小学生; 文言文阅读教学; 兴趣激发
Keyword: pupils; classical Chinese teaching; arouse interest
目 录
引言 5
一、 绪论 5
(一) 核心概念界定 5
1. 兴趣的定义 5
2. 兴趣激发 5
3. 文言文教学中的激趣 5
(二) 选题意义:激趣对学生发展的价值 6
(三) 国内外研究现状 6
1. 国外相关研究 6
2. 国内相关研究 7
(四) 研究方法及措施 9
二、 高段小学生文言文学习兴趣的现状 9
(一) 文言文学习兴趣(表1) 9
(二) 有兴趣的主要原因(表2) 9
三、 原因分析 10
(一) 学生自身的原因 10
(二) 教材教法方面的原因 10
1. 教材因素 10
2. 教法因素 10
(三) 社会氛围 11
四、 文言文激趣的策略及应用 11
(一) 精选教学内容,激发学生学习热情 11
(二) 多元教学形式,呵护学生学习兴趣 11
(三) 提升教学敏感度,捕捉学生兴趣激发时机 12
(四) 因声求气,让学生乐读、乐诵、乐背 13
1. 趣味引导,读背结合。 13
2. 创设情境,分角色朗读。 13
3. 选段背诵,自主选择。 14
(五) 阅读加写作,古今来结合 14
(六) 初尝文言文写作 14