17th-century Comenius, first get to know nature education from the perspective of education, but Comenius, know only on the experience, not form a special theory, and what he called a “natural” is the objective nature, has not been involved in the human society. By the 18th century, the “natural” have new connotation, contributed to this shift is Rousseau, Rousseau’s education purpose is to develop a natural person, respect for children’s physical and mental development is not only a physical development, also requires shun its progress in social and political life, he was opposed to the popular education “grown-up”, it is not hard to see, he has humanistic understanding of “natural”, it refers to people-children itself, the development of children’s nature and natural processes. Against the children as an adult, before becoming adults think that children should be the appearance of the children. In its education works in “love sun”, Rousseau’s love for the hero son represents such a blueprint: yourself in each age group have to fit their body and mind, thus highlighting the children’s subjectivity role in education, but Rousseau’s education philosophy is speculative, and not for his own idea of dong basic education practice, and he described the education of ideal and just full of romantic feelings. But there is no denying that Rousseau has greatly developed the Comenius, “natural adaptability principle”, established the real nature of socialist education system, for Pestalozzi education to adapt to the emergence and development of natural ideas laid the ideological basis.