摘要：主动悬架可以在汽车行驶过程中兼顾操纵稳定性和乘坐舒适性，控制技术愈发成熟的今天，主动悬架将成为以后悬架发展的方向，因此，用于测试主动悬架性能参数的试验台也会受到重视。

本文首先介绍了电磁主动悬架的发展历程，接着对传统阻尼悬架和主动悬架进行了力学建模，然后使用Simulink完成了两类悬架的动力学仿真，分析仿真结果得出：主动悬架改善汽车舒适性和操控性的能力优于传统阻尼悬架。

在基于Simulink动力学仿真的基础上，本文设计了用于测试电磁主动悬架性能参数所用的试验台架，这也是本文的主要内容所在，完成了试验台架的总体方案设计，设计并校核了悬架弹簧和轮胎当量弹簧，完成了所需传感器及轴承、导轴等机械零部件的选型和安装，然后使用SolidWorks完成了试验台架三维模型的搭建，最后绘制了台架装配图纸及非标准件零件图纸。

关键词：电磁主动悬架  1/4车辆模型  动力学仿真 试验台架

毕业设计说明书外文摘要

Title   Design of active suspension test bench based on 1/4 vehicle model

Abstract：In the process of driving the car, the active suspension can take into account the stability of handling and ride comfort, and now more and more mature control technology, active suspension will become the future development of the direction of the suspension，so test bench for active suspension performance parameters will also be taken seriously.In this paper, the development process of electromagnetic active suspension is introduced firstly. Then, the traditional damping suspension and active suspension are mechanically modeled. Then, Simulink is used to simulate the two kinds of suspension. Analysis of the simulation results show that: active suspension to improve vehicle comfort and handling capacity is better than the traditional damping suspension.Based on the Simulink dynamic simulation, this paper designs the test bench used to test the performance parameters of the electromagnetic active suspension,this is also the main content of this paper.Completed the overall design of the test bench, design and check the suspension spring and tire equivalent spring, completed the required sensors and bearings, guide shaft and other mechanical parts selection and installation.And then use SolidWorks to build a three-dimensional model of the test bench, and finally draw the bench assembly drawings and non-standard parts drawings.  

Keywords  Electromagnetic active suspension  1/4 vehicle model  Dynamic simulation  Test bench

目   次

1  绪论 3

1.1  研究背景及意义 3

1.2  国内外研究现状 4

1.2.1  国外研究现状 4

1.2.2  国内研究现状 5

1.3  研究内容和方法 6

1.3.1  本文的研究方法 6

1.3.2  本文的研究内容 6

2  1/4汽车悬架系统动力学仿真 7

2.1  1/4汽车悬架系统模型 7

2.2  汽车被动悬架动力学方程 8

2.3  汽车主动悬架动力学方程 9

2.4  路面激励模拟 10

2.5  两类悬架的Simulink仿真分析 11

2.6  本章小结 13

3  电磁直线作动器设计 14

3.1  电磁直线作动器简介 14

3.2  作动器结构设计 14

3.3  本章小结 16

4  电磁主动悬架系统性能测试台架 17

4.1  试验台架功能原理 17

4.2  试验台架总体方案 17

4.3  零部件设计 18

4.3.1  悬架弹簧设计 18

4.3.2  轮胎当量弹簧设计 21

4.3.3  弹簧的固定 24

4.3.4  挡环设计 25

4.3.5  质量块设计 25

4.3.6  连接板设计 25

4.4  元件选型和装配 25

4.4.1  连接件选型与安装 25